Fig. 5

WSS color maps for the AVF and contralateral non-surgery controls. The color bars are adjusted to emphasize the WSS distributions in the vein (a) and artery (b). The WSS on the maps was averaged over a cardiac cycle. Peak WSS in the AVF vein (black arrow heads) was approximately 200 dyne/cm2, while peak WSS in the inflow artery (red arrow heads) was approximately 500 dyne/cm2